The Theories Of The Field Of Psychology Essay - 1015 Words

The field of psychology has grown tremendously over the years. Originally the field began with the Greek asking questions about how we know anything and how we can be sure that we know (Wertheimer, 2012, p.21). The philosophy’s that were created over time lead to the beginning of experimental psychology in 19th century Europe (Wertheimer, 2012, p.65). This was a time of little diversity as those who studied psychology tended to be white European men. This lack of diversity may have hindered the speed at which the field of psychology grew but has still made a great contribution to its growth. The French philosopher Renà © Descartes came up with the concept of dualism in the 1600s (Boundless, 2016). His theory was that the mind and the body are both separate entities (Boundless, 2016). However, two English philosophers disagreed with Descartes theory (Boundless, 2016). John Locke and Thomas Hobbes believed that all human experiences are physical processes that occur inside the brain and the nervous system (Boundless, 2016). Research has shown that both the mental and the physical aspects of human experience is profoundly entangled, leading Hobbes and Locke to believe that the mind and the body are so well connected that they are one (the theory of monism) (Boundless, 2016). This line of thinking has grown through the decades and had a major influence on both early English psychology and psychology today. Today’s mental health professionals find that their influence stems fromShow MoreRelatedChild Development Theories Within The Field Of Psychology Essay928 Words   |  4 Pagesknow, there was a prominent debate on â€Å"Nurture† versus â€Å"Nature† in the field of psychology. Psychologists fought against each other to assert their own theories and statements. Nowadays, people have reached a consensus on this topic that the environment and the genes actually interact with each other and eventually lead to the typical features of indi viduals. Evidently, parent is one key topic in various child development theories since parents generally provide the whole living environment for childrenRead MoreThe Field of Social Psychology Used to Develop a Personal Theory2101 Words   |  8 PagesThe field of social psychology is diverse in character. Consequently, it may be useful to develop a personal theory of social psychology in order to improve one’s understanding of the field of social psychology. Research has demonstrated that, â€Å"...expectations of stigma can impair social and academic functioning of stigmatized persons by affecting their performance...†(Baum, Revenson Singer, 2012, p.601). This observation lends to the idea that social psychology inherently recognizes that individualsRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?998 Words   |  4 Pagesquestion that ‘psychology is a Science’ motivates a substantially critical debate amongst many professions, having very strong opinions. To come to a vigorous conclusion on this subject we must take into recognition both sides of the argument, what is science, and weather Psychology meets the principles of Science. In doing this the following essay will be debating the principles of science, the scientific unifying approach, poppers opinion on whether psychology is a science through his theory of falsificationRead MoreHistorical Reference Of Social Psychology1169 Words   |  5 Pages Historical Reference of Social Psychology Social psychology uses scientific methods to understand how people’s opinions and behaviors are influenced by the actual presence or the implied presence of others. 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Angell at the University of Chicago is possibly one of the most advanced of the functional psychologists, predicted that American psychology was prepared for better objectivity. In 1910, he stated that it is possible that the term consciousness would more than likely vanish from psychology, even more than the term soul hadRead MorePersonalistic and Naturalistic Theory Essay1139 Words   |  5 Pagesaids in the understanding of human nature. Psychology is an ever changing and evolutionary field. Recent years have presented numerous changes and increasing interest by many individuals, which have been inspired to help enhance the growth of modern psychology (Woodworth, 1918, p. 1). The use of the certain tools that have been deemed to be reliable in the fields of biology and physical sciences have been implemented in modern psychology to aid in the fields growth to take on an identity of its ownRead MoreEnvironmental Psychology1009 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Paper Robyn A. Cole August 13, 2012 PSY 460 Edward A. Muhammad, M.S. Environmental Psychology For more than the past ten years, the field of psychology has covered drawn out analysis and delved into the correlation among human beings and the environment. Clayton and Myers state that, â€Å"Recent quantitative assessments of the human impact on nature give a sobering picture: the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment found that about 60% of the earth’s ecosystem Read MoreFundamentals of Research Methodology1135 Words   |  5 Pageswill explore the fundamentals of research methodology in the Psychology field and discuss the importance of psychology. The answers to these questions are the basis for the theories that led to research. Research is the groundwork performed by Psychologists in order to answer questions about behavior and the mind. The outcome of the research will offer a clear picture of why an individual act the way he or she does. In the Psychology field, data is gathered to conduct the research and produce an outcome

Reflection Of A Project Manager Essay - 1456 Words

Part 2. Reflection Project manager as the name suggests is the one who has to everything from start to end for a project and he has everything that goes on in a project is done under his supervision. He is the commander of everything and in the end if something goes wrong then he is the one who will be held responsible and not the workers or the labor or anything for that matter. So obviously being a project manager is not an easy task and cannot be given to anyone. To be a project manager you just don’t have to have the technical skills but also personal and professional skills. You should have motivational skills and you should know how to create a positive and friendly atmosphere at work. A perfect project manager would be the one who balances everything in the most perfect manner possible. A project manager has to have technical knowledge in depth and he should be trained enough before he starts working for clients because clients put a lot of money in their projects and it all risks in one man’s hand and he is the project manager. He should be knowledgeable enough to know how much to put and where to put correctly. One wrong decision by him can cause hundreds and thousands of dollars to the client and in some cases even more. He should be active and focused on his work from start to end, there is no stage in the project which is not important or less important. Everything and anything is important and a project manager should know that, so until the project is handedShow MoreRelatedReflection Of A Project Manager Essay1567 Words   |  7 PagesA project is purposeful when it accomplishes its goals and when it meets the expectations of the stakeholders. The project sponsors are the one, who enforces the decisions regarding the project. 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This study finds out that organisational culture affect project management in four ways:Read MoreBook Review - Managers Not Mbas a Hard Look at the Sodt Practice of Management by Henry Mintzberg1651 Words   |  7 PagesOrganization Behavior – I Assignment – Book Review (Managers not MBAs, A hard look at the soft practice of managing and management development– Henry Mintzberg) Mayank Sinha Roll No 88 Section B PGDM 2009-11 Exposition of a critique The leitmotif of the book is that the practice of management can only be learned by the action-reflection model. Management is the practice of getting the right things done, individually and collectively, and learningRead MoreThe Principles Of Project Management1748 Words   |  7 Pagesprinciples of project management, it incorporates the basic belief and put forward a framework for addressing risk and uncertainties within project management domain. This model has been formulated by undertaking serious research involving multiple dimensions. Henceforth, the model presents a solid framework to understand basic project elements and map them accordingly to understand what type of methodologies and skill set will be required by the project manager to effectively manage the project meet itsRead MoreAnalyzing The Project Execution, Reporting, And Managing Resources For Eco Trans884 Words   |  4 Pagesthe project execution, reporting, and managing resources for ECO-Trans will show wher e the companies project could benefit. ECO-Trans is a company based in Europe that provides a driver assist technology used on buses, trains, and other mass transit vehicles. Their new product allows for a better driver performance that analyzes routes and advises the worker on which patterns to use resulting fuel savings. The case study analysis will show where fault and area for improvement. The project managementRead MoreGenuine Reflection Paper1050 Words   |  5 PagesReflection is more than considering how we carried out a nursing action. 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In fact, there are many aspects more than design is the building designer responsibility and it’s a part of his day to day duties like site survey, calculating quantity and choosing the suitable quality of the project, prepare documents, planning, organizingRead MoreProject Management Techniques For Success And Failure1589 Words   |  7 PagesProject Management Techniques for Success and Failure Individual Assignment BPM501, Semester 1 2016 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Introduction 2 2. Project Classification 2 2.1 project success factor 2.2 cause of project failure 2.3 project success factor of IT 2.4 project failure factor of IT 3. Scope of the literature 4 3.1 Key words 3.2 Databases 3.3 Journals 4. Background (Headings and subheadings) 5 5. Discussion 6. Recommendations 7. Conclusion 8. YourRead MoreThe Waterfall Approach For Software Development Projects1578 Words   |  7 PagesThe waterfall approach to software development projects is a linear model, which focuses on individual stages of development including, requirement identification, analysis, design, coding, testing and operations. While this model has been around for decades, there are many drawbacks. This method heavily focuses on extensive documentation and front loaded requirements gathering; thus inviting the opportunity for significant and costly failures. As the landscape of information technology in the business

Sound Progressexxon valdez 5 pgs Essay Example For Students

Sound Progressexxon valdez 5 pgs Essay The Exxon Valdez oil spill in the Prince William Sound of Alaska proved to be a disaster on many levels. The coastline, wildlife, and people of the all area were all devastated by the spill. Ten years later, the area is showing remarkable progress. Because of the cleanup efforts and new regulations, the Sound is getting ever closer to recovery. A few minutes after midnight on March 24, 1989, the T/V Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound. A few minutes later the coast guard received a radio message from the ships captain, Joseph Hazelwood: Weve fetched up ah hard aground north of Goose Island off Bligh Reef, and ah evidently leaking some oil. Were going to be here for a while.(Knickerbocker, Big Spill 12) That radio call was the beginning of the worst oil spill in United States history. The some oil that Hazelwood was referring to ended up being an estimated 11 million gallons of crude oil. The oil covered nearly 1,300 miles of shoreline and eventually reached beaches 470 miles away. (McAllister C14).At the time of the spill, officials had no immediate plan for cleaning up the oil. The spill struck in a remote part of a state where the population of caribou easily outnumbers people. Spokesman for the Govoners office David Ramseur agreed. You need a lot of people and a lot of equipment, and we dont ha ve enough.(McAllister C14) At the time, that statement was sadly true. The area just wasnt prepared to handle a spill of that magnitude. Other than the coastline, the spill also effected the local residents of the area, primarily the regions wildlife. The spill ultimately killed more than 250,000 seabirds, at least 2,800 sea otters, 300 harbor seals, 150 bald eagles, and 14 to 22 killer whales, along with billions of herring eggs. (number6) This proved to be equally detrimental to the 7,200 human residents of Southern Alaska. The fishing port at Cordova was the nations seventh most lucrative fishing harbor the year before the spill. It averaged $44 million in revenue each year. Four years after the spill in 1993, it slipped to number 51 with earnings down $19 million from 1988. The city also faced other severe losses. A former mayor committed suicide, and the city has gone through six mental health directors. (Murphy E1) Clean up efforts were almost as massive as the spill itself. D uring most of 1989, the focus of the project was containing and cleaning up the spill and rescuing oiled wildlife. Specially rigged boats called Skimmers were used to remove the oil from the water. Containment buoys called boons were set up to prevent the oil from reaching the salmon hatcheries that were an essential part of the areas economy. (Opdyke B1) Efforts including thousands of workers and a fleet of private fishing vessels worked admittedly to clean up the spill. After the initial clean up in 1989, there was still a lot of work to be done. In 1990, the shoreline was once again evaluated and a special technique called bioremediation (applying fertilizers to oiled shoreline to speed up oil-metabolizing microbes) was used on the sections of the sound where oil still remained. (Opdyke B1)All told, the spill proved to be the most costly in history. In addition to the 2.2 billion dollars it had to spend on the cleanup, Exxon was now faced with thousands upon thousands of civil la w suits. A settlement reached between Exxon and federal and state governments cost the corporation nearly a billion dollars. In September of 1994, a jury found in favor of 40,000 people, including commercial fishermen, and other Alaskan residents, and awarded them 5.3 billion dollars in damages. (Rueters F8) According to Exxon lawyer John Daum, The award is 200 times the largest award ever affirmed by any federal court anywhere. .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a , .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .postImageUrl , .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a , .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:hover , .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:visited , .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:active { border:0!important; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:active , .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5ecb79ea8ad7cfbbeed5f3e0d228505a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: danimals Essay All of this money presented a new question, how to spend it? Legal mandates made sure that the billion-dollar settlement would be spent on projects related to the recovery of the region. The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council (EVOSTC) had the job of doing just that. The EVOSTC decided to spend the money on the acquisition of threatened habitat along the Prince William Sound to protect it from logging and other developments. Other EVOSTC projects include scientific studies, continued shoreline cleanup and educational projects. (Reuters F8)Today the sound has made drastic improvements from its devastated state in 1989.Almost of the wildlife species effected by the spill have completely recovered, and another is nearing complete recovery. (Murphy E1) Hatchery fish have recovered to about 87% of their numbers before the spill.Frank Sparow, Exxons vice president for environment and safety feels confident in the recovery, not only by the wildlife but also by the inhabitants of the regi on. . . . We did make every effort to compensate those people that were damaged . . . One of the very first things we did was to ask fishermen in Cordova Whats your annual fishing revenue? Theyd say X. And wed say, For a start, heres X. (Murphy E1) Along with the monetary compensation for fishermen, Exxon also set up job placement and training centers in Cordova. This was an extremely helpful tool, considering that the major industry in the city had been debilitated by the spill. Probably the most important thing to come out of the Exxon Valdez Spill, were the significant improvements that have been made in oil spill prevention and response planning. These programs include: satellite tracking of tankers in the area, escort vessels to aid in navigating the channel, legislation that requires a double-hull structures for all tankers that enter the sound; a step that would have likely reduced the amount of water that spilled from the Valdez by . (Richards B1) The one thing that official s in Prince William Sound will never be criticized for will be their lack of preparation. Today, there are contingency plans for oil spills in the sound that include a scenario for a spill of 12.6 million gallons. The combined ability of skimming systems to remove oil from the water is now 10 times greater than it was in 1989. Supplies and vessels for cleaning up oil are now stockpiled and drills are held in the sound each year. (Richards B1) We have an extremely safe system here feels Vince Mitchell, vessel operations team leader for the Ship Escort/Response Vessel System. Its been a continuos improvement process. . . Were really focusing on prevention. Thats where the real benefit is. (Knickerbocker, Preventing 12)Prince William Sound will never be returned to the way it was before the spill. But things are moving in the right direction. With the money received from settlements, the wildlife, inhabitants, and environment are on a steadfast track toward recovery. With money receive d through court settlements the EVOSTC has been able to protect 650,000 acres for wildlife habitat. (Knickerbocker, Preventing 12) Most importantly, the area has become aware of the fact that preparation is paramount in the protection of the sound. Through proper training and adequate response techniques, industry officials are now able to feel confident in their oil spill prevention measures. While it hasnt recovered yet, the sound is constantly improving and will some day soon regain its former grander.Bibliography:Works CitedKnickerbocker, Brad. Preventing Another Monster Oil Slick. ChristianScience Monitor: 23 March 1999: 12 Knickerbocker, Brad. The Big Spill. Christian Science Monitor: 22 March 1999: 12McAllister, Bill. Killer Spill. Washington Post: 25 March 1999: C14Murphy, Kim. Alaska Struggles to Recover, 10 Years After Exxon Valdez. LasAngeles Times: 20 March 1999: E1+Opdyke, Jeff. In The Wake Of Valdez. Wall Street Journal: 26 August 1999: B1Reuters, J. Exxon Spill Funds Spent Properly. Washington Post: 13 September1998: F8Richards, Bill. Exxon Is Battling a Ban on an Infamous Tanker. Wall StreetJournal: 29 July 1998: B1

Thesis of Study Books

Thesis Statement Immigrants and manual laborers are normally forced to work under poor conditions. The laborers are given harsh treatment in that they are not comfortable with the wage rates yet their job involves using a lot of energy. Though they keep reminding the people in control, there is little that is done to improve these conditions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis of Study Books specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This results to indulgence of rights activists who try to convince the ruling elite in improving the conditions of the workers. As explicatively detailed in the three novels (Germinal by Emile Zola, The Bomb by Frank Harris and the Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting in America by Barbara Ehrenreich), these themes are eminently existent and thus need to be addressed. To begin with, most of the characters in the books are mistreated and given inhumane treatment. They are not allowed to indul ge in movements that are geared towards improving their working condition. On the contrary, the people are made to work in conditions that degrade human life and reduce the regard for human dignity. In Germinal by Emile Zola, Etienne is working in bad conditions but he is forced to work in such conditions since he has to make ends meet. This is the only work he has landed on in the new country, therefore, looking for a better work would be challenging. In the book, The Bomb by Frank Harris, there are many workers who have boycotted their work to ensure they are given better treatment and working conditions. Instead of acting on their grievances, police are deployed to control the striking crowds of people. Lastly, in the book, Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting in America by Barbara Ehrenreich, the people who are working in the economy are given low wages. Though they are complaining, there is little that is done to make their life better. Moreover, the three books have a deep insig ht based on immigrants. Immigrants are a disadvantaged lot of peons in a country. To begin with, Etienne only lands to casual jobs in the country he has landed in. though he is a slender human being, he is not in a position to land to a white collar job. This is a disadvantage that the people have to go through in enduring they have better life. In the second novel, the bomb, many of the striking workers are immigrants into the country. They are accorded low treatment and they are obliged to take it t the streets to call for better treatment. In the third novel, immigrants do not get better treatment like the original residents of the country. It is evident that immigrants need high resilience to encounter atrocities in their life. More details regarding the intricacies of these books , in relations to the thesis statement, are given below.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Germin al by Emile Zola Germinal by Emile Zola is considered to be a masterpiece in the French tradition. Gervaise Macquart’s son, Etienne Lantier, is an immigrant who seeks to work in coal mining in Montsou town. It happened after he lost his job in a railway workshop. He resides in a town that is full of coal miners and tries to relate freely with the miners. He is an educated man with a bizarre violent streak but fearful. However, he is strong enough to be a manual laborer in the town. It brings out the question whether all immigrants have to work as manual laborers. The working conditions in the mines are in a deplorable state as expressed by the author. In their prolonged stay in the mines, these conditions keep on dilapidating to an even worse state. Apparently, Etienne has lived long enough in the village and he is a respected member of the society due to his indulgence in the activities that are geared towards improving the living standards of the people. He is declared an i deologist that could help in improving the deteriorating working conditions of the workers. Similarly, Etienne is considered as a strong political activist who could succeed in leading people to attain better working conditions. With the impoverished state in the region, the workers decide to cause riots that sparkled violence in the area. There is a bizarre incident that occurs after the police and army officers have been deployed to reduce the riots. The workers get back to their work places and blame Etienne for a failed riot. Sabotage by a fellow worker leaves three workers trapped in the mines so they have to wait for long hours to be rescued. Etienne, Catherine and Chaval are trapped inside the mine after the entrance shaft is blocked. After the three workers are freed, Etienne is fired from his job. Having nothing to do in the town, Etienne decides to leave the city and look for a better place of residence in Paris. The novel gives hope that a person is always destined for th e greatest after encountering a string of challenges. The Bomb by Frank Harris This is a historical reproduction that focused on people inflicted with labor unrest in the colonial period. This is marred by eruption of violence in the city of Chicago as the workers are demonstrating against infringement of their rights as workers. The workers insinuated that their bosses were overly ruling them with little indulgence of human rights and conditions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis of Study Books specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The novel begins with Rudolph Schnaubelt, a German immigrant who is seeking to join the workforce in the country. He is a person who has grown in a very social background and knows how to have better relationships with people around him. However, he is driven away by the unkind environment in his country. His country is marred with hatred for the authority and the ruling elite as the y are known to record dismal performance in the development schemes of the country. He seeks refuge in Chicago just as people are experiencing labor unrest in the early 1880’s. The rioting and demonstrations are all over the town and are increasingly causing a menace to other people who are conducting their daily businesses. To begin with, there are many workers who are working in Pullman and McCormick plants, they are discontented with the treatment they are receiving in the plants, which triggers a violent reaction from the workers sprouting into a rowdy town. The government of the country is disturbed by the appearance of the rioting workers and in an obvious case; it deploys police and army officers to control the rioting workers. â€Å"For the first time in America, orderly meetings on vacant lots are dispersed by force† (Harris 132). The police officers appear in full combat gear and try to disperse the rioting workers. In retaliation, Schnaubelt snaps a bomb in the midst of the battles between the police and the rioting workers. It works out in a sad way as it results into the killing of eight police men and injuring sixty people in Haymarket square. Immediately after this particular incident, Schnaubelt is forced to flee to a distant region to catch up with the procession of the events, especially after setting off the bomb in the rally. He succeeds in getting into Bavaria where he will get all the vital information that he needs in regards to the aftermath of the bombing. This is a situation where a bomber comfortably looks from a distance of the processions that are happening after a situation that killed people and a large number writhing in pain. This is a depressingly ugly experience for people of Chicago as they have to deal with the atrocities that occur from the bombing. Apparently, people were trying to deal with their problems as an enemy attacks. Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting in America by Barbara Ehrenreich This is a book that reports how millions of Americans are working tirelessly but are paid peanuts. They have to work for the poverty–level wages to make ends meet. This is the only job they are capable of landing on and, in fact, life has to go on. The ruling elite promised to improve the life of people day by day, but it keeps deteriorating to even worse state.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The workers, on the other hand, are tirelessly working to make an improvement of their conditions (Ehrenreich 18). The plot starts with an undercover journalist who prepares to investigate the effects of the welfare reforms that have been introduced. This is a strategy that has been put in place to ensure that the poor people who are working tirelessly are given better wage and improved working conditions. The novel extrapolates on how people are charged more as the expenses grow rapidly beyond what is expected. Though the expenses are rapidly growing, their wages and salaries maintain their earlier margins resulting into a recessing budgetary estimate. The workers are having a minimum wage that should be used in incurring all their expenses and costs. The social setup in this period expresses suffering and struggling to make a niche for the families (Ehrenreich 91). Apparently, the author suggests that the spirit and dignity of such people is carried away by cultural expressions th at allow people who do not have regards for justice. Such people have a different way of life that does not give respect to humanity and human dignity. Some people are forced to become â€Å"de facto† in the society to be used by the ruling elite. The poor are made to serve the ruling epitome to earn a living. The three books extrapolate on how poor people are forced to onto manual jobs yet they are paid low wages. In addition to this ill treatment, they are not allowed to boycott their work stations. Though the boycott is a way of asking for better treatment, the ruling elite regards it as an illegal activity. On the other hand, people on top are living lavishly and neglect those who are earning little. In the author’s quest to find full information on the developments of the society, she starts to indulge in several activities. Indeed, the jobs have a low wage that is not enough to sustain poor people in covering all their needs. Some of the jobs the author describes include serving as a waitress, hotel maid, house cleaner and sales person. In the end, she suggests that even the â€Å"lowliest† jobs in the economy still exhaust a person’s mental and physical ability (Ehrenreich 211). Conclusion It should be mentioned that this books dwell on the social factors being disadvantages for the poor in the society. They are living in a deplorable state and have to struggle day to make their ends meet. Through their struggle, they encounter even worse experiences that make their life harder. Their grievances are kept pending by the responsible people since they have a better living in comparison to the suffering population. An outcry for help and solutions is thus, importantly, voiced by these books. Works Cited Ehrenreich, Barbara. Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America. New York: Henry Holt Co., 2008. Print. Harris, Frank. The Bomb. New York: HowYouWant.com., 2006. Print. Zola, Émile. Germinal. New York: Phonereader, 1968 . Print. This essay on Thesis of Study Books was written and submitted by user Cain Gomez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Organisational Learning against Learning Organisation

Introduction Different scholars have proposed a variety of definitions of organisational learning. As one scholar defined it, organisational learning is the process of improving actions through better knowledge and understanding (Garvin, p. 77).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organisational Learning against Learning Organisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It may also be regarded as a process of detecting and correcting error. A learning organization is, therefore, an organisation that is skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge (Argyris, p.8). According to Argyris (1977), it is also an organisation that is good at modifying its own behavior in order to â€Å"reflect new knowledge and insights that make it grow into the future†. This paper provides a comparative analysis and evaluation of organisational learning by looking at two different organisations. One is the organisation wher e I work and the other is HP. Assessing the Need For several years now, my organisation has placed so much emphasis on the need for all staff members to keep learning and upgrading themselves. As a result, so much energy has been spent trying to organisation information in a way that makes it easy for everyone to access it. Part of what my organisation has done to facilitate the culture of learning is to ensure that as people do their work they get to deposit any critical information in a central database that may be used by any staff member willing to do so to learn and benefit from the skills of more skilled staff members.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To a great extent, this has made it possible to maintain crucial information and make it available for other staff whenever an employee leaves the organisation. HP came to realise the need for knowledge management in 1995 (Hewlett Packard, p.4). Clearly, the leadership at HP understood the importance of knowledge management and knew that it was possible to leverage on the knowledge the organisation had gathered over the years. To meet the ever demanding expectations of customers, HP management understood that effective knowledge management is an important requirement to ensuring that the organisation can progress successfully. This created a healthy ground for the organisation to develop strong ties with its clients who knew that at any time when they were faced by challenges, HP would be there to deal with their problems (Hewlett Packard, p.4). However, this did not make sense to many of HP’s consultants. In the same way, clients could not at first understand the need for knowledge management as they all felt that they were getting for value for their money and as such, were satisfied with the services that HP was offering. Through different approaches, HP was able to get feedback from both i ts consultants and clients. Although there were mixed feelings regarding the need for knowledge management for the good of the organisation, an analysis by the company resolved to move on with plans to ensure that knowledge was managed well to provide a good background for organisational learning. Building Blocks Organisations that focused on learning are apparently skilled at five activities. These activities include systematic problem solving, experimentation with new approaches, learning from their own experience and past history, learning from the experiences and best practices of others, and transferring knowledge quickly and efficiently throughout the organisation (Garvin, p. 81).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organisational Learning against Learning Organisation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For many companies, these are activities that are commonly practiced. Creating systems and processes that supp ort these activities have been found to add great value to the operations of the organisation. In the following paragraphs, my organisation is compared with HP in light of the five activities that have been mentioned above. In my organisation, problems are dealt with in a very unique way. There are systems that have been structured to facilitate the process of problem reporting and solving. At any time, when a user encounters a problem, he or she is expected to log the problem and record the necessary details that may aid during problem solving. When the right person to address the problem arrives, he or she will go through the logged problems, solving them where possible (Stata, p. 4). Once a problem has been solved, the solution is document and other accompanying details such as the date when the problem was solved, are also included. HP on the other hand, relies heavily on scientific methods rather than guesses on what should be done in different cases. The underlying objective i s, however, the same for both organisations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More My company works hard to innovate and benefits tremendously from having a team of talented staff who also happen to be quite inquisitive and are never afraid to try out new things. Through various innovations, the company has been able to survive in the face of stiff competition that characterises today global market. When the company innovates, a lot of documentation is done to accompany the innovation and to ensure that critical information regarding important discoveries is not lost. This creates a foundation for all employees, whether new or existing to learn. Through its research department, HP is always trying out new things with the intention of either coming up with new products or improving the existence products. It is always important and beneficial for companies to evaluate themselves to determine which direction they are moving towards. On many occasions, companies have grown out of evaluating themselves and making changes based on past experiences. With relevant inform ation at hand, an organisation can make informed decisions that will move the organisation forward. Time and again, the management at my company meets to review progress from time to time and based on the outcome of the evaluation, make recommendations to make changes in the company which may include hiring new staff, restructuring operations and intensifying marketing campaigns. Apparently, HP also uses this approach and the company is keen to learn from its own successes and failures. Learning what worked and what did not work and improving operations on this basis happens to be an essential process for HP (Hewlett Packard, p. 6). Once a project comes to an end, the team that was involved in it is presented with an opportunity to share with the rest of the team what they went through. It is through such forums that successes are highlighted and failures also noted. It is important for one to understand that these forums are never created to criticise any one incase a project did n ot meet the expectation of the key stake holders. Another very useful strategy is to learn from others. It is true that companies can learn from best practices of other companies to determine where to make changes in order to improve its own operations. My company has strong partnerships with other companies operating in the same industry and from time to time, employees from the different companies meet at different forums (Levitt March, p. 7). During such meetings, ideas are exchanged and staff members from different organisations get an opportunity to learn from one another. In its operations, however, HP does not seem to employ this strategy. Transferring knowledge makes it possible to spread the culture of learning throughout the entire organisation. This ensures that learning goes beyond just being a local affair. This is an approach that is also used by HP. Information gathered from one project is made available and may be used in other projects. This ensures that subsequent projects are delivered to very high standards as most of the information will already be available. Conclusion From the discussion presented in this paper, it is obvious that learning should be an ongoing activity in any organisation that desires to grow. By presenting employees with the opportunity to learn, an organisation will be assured of improved efficiency. Improved performance, on the other hand, will serve as a good means of attracting clients. A learning organisation is able to win provide its clients with high quality services and in the end the confidence of clients is boosted. A common mistake that most businesses fail to do is to treat customers well and to retain them. Whenever customers are happy, they the company can be assured of getting repeat business from these customers. Where an organisation is not consistently involved in learning, however, there is a danger that it will not fail to meet the expectations of the customers and when this happens, the company ri sks losing valuable customers. It is, therefore, important to ensure that an organisation is not left behind for whatever reason. References Argyris, C 1977, Double Loop Learning in Organizations, Harvard Business Review, September-October 1977. Garvin, DA 1993, Building a Learning Organization, Harvard Business Review, July-August 1993, 78-91. Hewlett Packard n.d., An Organizational Wide Program to Share Knowledge between Projects, to Learn from Success and Mistakes and to Capture Reusable Material from Engagements, Hewlett Packard, Bristol, UK. Levitt, B and March, J 1988, Organizational Learning, American Review of Sociology, vol. 14, 1988. Stata, R 1989, Organizational Learning-The Key to Management Innovation, Sloan Management Review, Spring 1989. This essay on Organisational Learning against Learning Organisation was written and submitted by user Keira Reid to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

introduction to native cultures

introduction to native cultures Free Online Research Papers When the Spanish began there journey through America their influence both on the native Americans and the environment were awesome. The prime goal of the Spaniards were to transform the native Americans into tax-paying Christians. This was in contrast to the idea that their goal was to eliminate the Indians form of the Americas. Unfortunately the Spaniards took many Indians so that they may plant their Christian religion in the Indians and to use them as labor. This led many Indians to learn the customs, environment and language of the Spaniards so that they could to be able to live in the Spanish culture. Some Natives acquired the Spanish language which was the main source of their Hispanicization. This was the realization of the Indians becoming encompassed by the Spanish society. They now began to live in a Spanish ways and blend into the bottom of the Spanish totem pole. Spanish goals and plans were to involve the Indians so that they may live in their society even if at the low er end of it’s ladder. Spanish influence was not only through the Native Americans, the southwest region of America had also had its affect. The Spaniards bringing of animals and use of land changed their habitat. Live stock brought over by the Spanish extended well across northern New Spain. As a result, these grazing animals flattened grassy areas and packed down soils, which broke down the lands. Through these worn down paths of grazing, water was able to ensue. The grasslands and wildlife disappeared with these new accustoms which led some turning into deserts. The Indians influence in the Spaniards came in many monetarily ways. With many different foods and clothing that the Spanish had never encountered. With new foods came new crops and livestock for the Spanish. The Indians clothing consisted of many animal wools and warmth based attire. Racial purity was a requirement for high status in Spain and its American colonies. In the urbanized New Spain, ethic origins greatly influenced the social status. For example, â€Å"Peninsulares,† those people originally from Spain held the highest rung on the societal ladder. While on the opposite end, both free and enslaved blacks comprised the lower rung. However, on the frontier, Indians, blacks, and persons of mixed color such as mestizos (a person with Indian and Spanish blood) began to make up more of the population. And as they become more adapted to Spanish culture, Indians began to feel â€Å"whiter† and mestizos too began to describe themselves an espanoles. Gradually, wealth, prestige, and occupation equally determined social status as did ethnicity and skin color. Through such cultural and environmental changes in New Spain, the Spanish culture was presumed as the most dominant model on the frontier. Both marriage and sexual practices reflected those as in Spain and its empire. For example, the Spanish used strategies to marry themselves or their children into a better social status. While Hispanics tried to mix Indian and Spanish culture, both sides were not congruent. The Spanish culture was more dominant than the Native American cultures. Although Spaniards ate Indian food, wore their clothes, and learned their culture, it was the Indian cultures that became influenced by the Spanish. Such dominance and profound environmental changes stated earlier accounted for the Spaniards incredible influence on Southwest America. Research Papers on introduction to native culturesAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeWhere Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionGenetic EngineeringQuebec and CanadaHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andPETSTEL analysis of India

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 140

Essay Example In order for firms to compete globally, it is important for managers to understand the nature of global markets (244). Competition is worldwide, and therefore it is imperative that companies understand the kind of goods and services that can give them a competitive advantage over other global industries. In addition, the productivity of labor can also affect the economic boundaries of firms. For example, industries with limited labor generally concentrate on producing basic commodities, while those with high expertise focus on producing advanced goods and services. Thus, the availability of labor affects the cost of production, which in turn re-defines trade (Samuelson & Marks, 245). In global markets, the prevailing exchange rate is as well important when computing the cost of production, because it ultimately influences the costs of exports and imports (Samuelson & Marks, 246). Another important factor is the competitive market condition. Indeed, one of the aspects managers consider when making decisions is how they can compete within markets. Depending with market environments, they consider factors that can cause barriers to their entry or even affect how they establish their prices. In a competitive market environment, for example, organizations have to consider the number of firms in the market, how prices are established, and if they can have control over them (Samuelson & Marks, 281). Finally, the application of e-commerce and technology are significantly re-defining trade in many areas, particularly cost economies. These methods facilitate customer increase because they have the potentials to reach a large population, and also offer a variety of online services, which ultimately leads to cost savings for the firms (Samuelson & Marks,